By E. Earl Baughman

Black americans: A mental research

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The results involving race would seem contrary to lay expectations. . (p. " We would go even further and conclude that the results are contrary to what one would predict based upon much of what has been written about black self-esteem by professionals. 2. Wend/and A second study of interest to us was conducted by Marilyn M. Wendland in 1967. All of her subjects were in the eighth grade and ranged in age from 13 to 17 (mean age was approximately 14). The total sample of 685 children was composed of 176 white boys, 161 white girls, 151 black boys, and 197 black girls.

30 3. Scholastic Performance 1- IQ 90-99 VjL j fi i L f ύ? 7-8 9-10 11-1213-14 Age -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I 7 8 9 1011121314 Age h IQ <80 6' ' ' ' ■■ 7 8 9 10 11121314 Age -I I I l_ 7 8 9 10 11121314 Age Fig. 1 1 . Mean SAT Battery Median scores for white (W) and black (B) children at four IQ levels and various age levels. ) primarily toward the lower ability levels, the brighter black children should show the type of decrement that is apparent in these data. Family Correlates of Scholastic Performance It has been generally established that a number of variables which are indicative of a family's socioeconomic status correlate positively with children's scholastic performance and IQ's, as we noted earlier.

36 3. Scholastic Performance 10 12 14 18 20 22 Item number Fig. 12. Mean rating scores given by teachers to black and white children on 22 behavior scales (MP = midpoint of rating scale). ) the sex differences among the black children were almost identical with those among the white children. Teachers of both races reported social, temperamental, and motivational differences between the two sexes that could almost always be said to favor the girls. Perhaps of critical importance is the fact that boys of both races evidenced lower achievement motivation than the girls.

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