By Alfred Z. Keller BSc, PhD, Henry C. Wilson BSc, PhD (auth.)

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The incident on the River Dee, also described in Chapter 6, affected the water supply of nearly two million people. There are over 1000 water treatment works within England and Wales and they can supply groups of consumers ranging in number from a few thousand to several hundred thousand. Problems still exist with the leakage of liquor from silage pits on agricultural premises. A response to this problem has been co-ordinated under the joint auspices of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) and the Water Authorities Association (WAA).

Disposal in land-fill dumps which, not unnaturally, upsets local residents 2. Disposal into the sea, which has produced pollution of the beaches and coastline, is implicated in the loss of fishing grounds and adversely affects the health of certain marine mammals The application of sewage sludge onto agricultural land, as will be seen later, produces eutrophication of surface waters and may pose a further potential health hazard through run-off. As discussed earlier, the main reasons for the delayed upgrading and poor maintenance of the sewage system are: 1.

However, at present, until all of the sewage treatment works satisfy the EC requirements, there is no practical alternative. Sewage is produced continuously every day and its disposal has to be achieved by the best practicable means at the time of its production. The alternatives to the release of partially-treated sewage into surface waters, which have been tried are: 1. Disposal in land-fill dumps which, not unnaturally, upsets local residents 2. Disposal into the sea, which has produced pollution of the beaches and coastline, is implicated in the loss of fishing grounds and adversely affects the health of certain marine mammals The application of sewage sludge onto agricultural land, as will be seen later, produces eutrophication of surface waters and may pose a further potential health hazard through run-off.

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