By Peter Alan Lee, Thomas Anderson (auth.)
The construction of a brand new model of any e-book is a frightening activity, as many authors will know. within the box of laptop technological know-how, the duty is made much more daunting via the rate with which the topic and its aiding expertise stream ahead. because the book of the 1st version of this booklet in 1981 a lot examine has been carried out, and plenty of papers were written, just about fault tolerance. Our target then was once to provide for the 1st time the foundations of fault tolerance including present perform to demonstrate these ideas. We think that the foundations have (so a ways) stood the attempt of time and are as applicable at the present time as they have been in 1981. a lot paintings at the functional functions of fault tolerance has been undertaken, and methods were built for ever extra complicated events, comparable to these required for disbursed structures. however, the fundamental rules stay the same.
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Extra info for Fault Tolerance: Principles and Practice
Example text
To be satisfactory, the definitions must take account of some additional complications. The precise definition of an erroneous transition will be established first since the identification of erroneous transitions is necessary to determine whether an internal state is erroneous or valid. Intuitively, an erroneous transition places a system in an internal state from which a failure could ensue. However, the definition must allow for the possibility that a potential failure does not actually occur.
For example, the control units of a CPU may be regarded as components and not part of the design (indeed, the data highways could also be regarded as components). However, no matter what set of components are selected there must still exist some means by which these components interact, and this will form the design of the system under consideration. This system model can also be applied to software systems, although a more abstract viewpoint must be adopted to reflect the non-physical nature of software.
To enable this distinction to be clearly drawn, two terms are adopted: a mechanism is a construction within an interpreter which implements a specific facility available on the interpreti ve interface; • a measure is a group of instructions in the interpreted system intended to perform some specific task. For example, consider a program which is required to search a table of values for some specific entry. A procedure for that purpose could be included as a measure in the program. This would not be necessary if the hardware included a mechanism supporting an instruction to search a vector for a given value.