By A. V. Pollock (auth.), Hans Troidl, Walter O. Spitzer, Bucknam McPeek, David S. Mulder, Martin F. McKneally, Andrew S. Wechsler, Charles M. Balch (eds.)
What is how you can plan surgical study? What difficulties are almost always encountered in scientific learn? How may still a study document be offered at a systematic assembly? those questions and extra are all responded in Principles and perform of Research.The moment variation has further new sections on animal examine versions, the molecular and mobile measurement of surgical learn, and functional directions for acquiring executive and third-party investment. different advancements contain a friendlier dialogue of information and up-to-date fabric approximately online desktop literature searches. This e-book offers each scientific researcher with a roadmap round the pitfalls of poorly designed stories, throughout the jungle of incomprehensible records, and over the hurdles of analysis reporting to a winning research from begin to end. From the reports of the first edition: "For me, it's a bible and a must for each Ph.D. or M.D. concerned with scientific examine, particularly within the box of surgical procedure. it may be at the desk - no longer at the publication shelf - of either the younger in addition to the skilled investigator as a simply obtainable resource of knowledge to prevent the trial-and-error method of difficulties in surgical research." #World magazine of Surgery#1 "...a rigorously conceived, concise mix of real conception and rules, useful guidance, and philosophical perspective... ...I have stumbled on it difficult to spot any omission (even a particular bibliography on laboratory animals, their care, dealing with, and anatomy is integrated) and very unlikely to unmarried out any one contribution: every one is a treasure - good written, concise, and complete." #The Lancet#2 "The characteristic of the booklet is that, regardless of recognition to aspect, it keeps a transparent and functional method of the complete box, starting with the explanations for conducting learn, the kinds of analysis, and certainly the reporting of research... ...Almost all points of analysis are lined, from small retrospective experiences to departmental, institutional, nationwide and overseas projects... ...The bankruptcy on writing for e-book may be obligatory studying for all budding authors." #Journal of Bone and JointSurgery#3
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Sample text
Clouds threatening medical research. Ann R Coll Physicians Surg Canada 1985; 18: 323-28. 7. Bailar JC, III, Patterson K. Journal peer review: the need for a research agenda. N EnglJ Med 1985;312: 654. 8. Moore GE. Surgeons: age, training and creativity. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1960;110:105-7. 15 9. Gibbon JH, Jr. The road ahead for thoracic surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1961;42:141-49. 10. Dennis C. A heart-lung machine for open-heart operations. How it came about. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1989;35:767-77.
Discoveries may be made by the individual worker as opposed to the current practice of a large research team. Simple apparatus may suffice; all the analyses need not be performed by technicians; large sums of money are not always necessary. Important basic ideas will probably continue to come from the individual. Whether by accident, design or hunch, the diligent investigator has a fair chance of making an important discovery. 4 FinaHy, aH those planning to enter investigative surgery should be continuously aware of the words ofWilliam Osler (Fig.
Much more open and less adversarial debate is needed about how we acquire new, and particularly treatment related, information:'27 Where Do We Go from Here? Ethical restraints and resistance by patients and surgeons to allowing chance to decide the choice of operation-or the choice of operative versus nonoperative treatment-mean that we will have to rely increasingly on complete, accurate, and honest audit of the outcome of diseases treated in different ways. There must be no exclusions, no excuses, and no concealments.