By H. C. Gerhardt (auth.), Dr. Steven L. Hopp, Dr. Michael J. Owren, Dr. Christopher S. Evans (eds.)
The final a long time have introduced an important raise in learn on acoustic communi cation in animals. booklet of clinical papers on either empirical and theoretical facets of this subject has enormously elevated, and a brand new magazine, Bioacoustics, is fullyyt dedicated to such articles. Coupled with this proliferation of labor is a reputation that a few of the present matters are top approached with an interdisciplinary point of view, requiring technical and theoretical contributions from a few components of inquiry that experience often been separated. With the impressive exception of a set edited through Lewis (1983), there were fewvolumes predominatelyfocused on technical matters in comparative bioacoustics to keep on with up the earlyworks edited through Lanyon and Tavolga (1960) and Busnel (1963). It was once the large progress of craftsmanship c:()ncerning this subject particularly that supplied the preliminary impetus to arrange this quantity, which makes an attempt to provide basic info from either theoretical and utilized elements of present bioacoustics learn. whereas a very accomplished evaluation will be impractical, this quantity deals a uncomplicated remedy of a large choice of subject matters aimed toward offering a conceptual framework during which researchers can deal with their very own questions. every one presentation is designed to be worthy to the broadest attainable spectrum of researchers, together with either these at the moment operating in any of the numerous and numerous disciplines of bioacoustics, and others which may be new to such studies.
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Additional info for Animal Acoustic Communication: Sound Analysis and Research Methods
Example text
Lzrams of representative calls of A H. gratiosa, H. B cinerea; and H. anäersonii (C-E). The differences in the frequeng-time profiles ofharrnonics (indicated by arrows in E) and sidebands are especially evident in tlie call variants of H. andersonii; the calls labeled C and D have the same letter desIgnations in Fig 11. See the text for details both green and pine barrens treefrogs suggests that whatever structures are responsible for modulation are likely to be physically coupled to the structures that generate the components making up the complex carrier waveform (Oldham and Gerhardt 1975).
A A representative call of a barking treefrog (H. gratiosa). BA representative call of a green treefrog (H. cinerea). C A representative call of a pine barrens treefrog (H. andersonii). D Another call of the pine barrens treefrog, produced immediately after the call illustrated in C. Note the difference in the amplitude-time waveform, repeating waveform, and spectrum between the two successive signals. 0 H. C. 18 Fig 12. lzrams of representative calls of A H. gratiosa, H. B cinerea; and H. anäersonii (C-E).
Notice that the amplitude-time p'rofiles of the two harmomcs change differendy with time. Waterfall displays are especially useful in the analyses of signals with complex, time-varying spectra. Modified trom Simmons and O'Farrell (1977) nents: the carrier frequency and two sidebands, the latter with frequencies above and below that of the carrier. The frequency interval between the carrier and each sideband corresponds to the rate of modulation. If the frequency of the carrier remains constant but the rate of amplitude modulation changes with time, the interval between the carrier and frequency and the sidebands changes accordingly (Figure 6B).