By Alfonso Archi
The approximately 5,000 cuneiform capsules from Ebla (3rd millennium BC) attest to the oldest Semitic language and supply perception right into a interval within the background of Syria that was once formerly unknown. Their recovery, interpretation, and class has taken greater than thirty years. The essays accrued during this quantity supply vital perception into the historical past and tradition of this historical close to japanese city-state.
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The third bowl was voted by a scribe (a similar hoard from T. Munbāqa included a bowl with the inscription of the daughter of a high official: Gelb, Kienast 1990: 378–79, 384). A list of dynasts (šakkanakku), which also provides the number of years of each reign, begins with Ididiš, to whom 60 years are attributed, possibly a [85] Iblul-il Nizi (ca. 3 years) Enna-Dagan (4/5 years) Darmilu/Darmi’a (with) Tir Arrukum (5 years) Igriš-Ḫalab Irkab-damu (11 years) (32nd year: victory over Mari) (31th year) (14th year) Ibbi-zikir (17 years) Ištup-išar Adub-damu (19th year) Sa’um Kun-damu ḪI-dār (x?
5 §§ 42–43). These merchants combined their private work with tasks allotted them by the palace, and whose profits mainly came from supplying the many smaller centres. 9, which relates to an expedition to the valley of the Euphrates by a certain Gida-na’im, who traded in cattle (Milano 2003). 4 = EDL). The aim of his message was to reaffirm Mari’s predominance over Ebla at the moment he came to the throne. Anubu and Sa’um had campaigned up the Euphrates far beyond Tuttul on the Balīḫ. Ištupišar conquered Imar.
The minister had in any case far-reaching political plans. As soon as the weapons had been laid down, a son of the king of Nagar, Ultum-ḫuḫu, was received at court to arrange his marriage to princess Tagriš-damu (Biga 1998a). 12 Syria and Mesopotamia Before the Akkadian Dynasty: Geopolitical Relations Fig. 1: The kingdom of Ebla. A much more ambitious alliance was established with the marriage between princess Kešdut and a son of the king of Kiš (already mentioned above, § 1) (Archi, Biga 2003: 26–29).