By Robert R. Mackie (auth.), Robert R. Mackie (eds.)
This quantity comprises the lawsuits of a symposium held in St. Vincent, Italy, on August 3-6,1976, entitled "Vigilance II: Relationships between conception, Physiological Correlates, and Opera tional Performance." The symposium was once backed together by way of the Human components Panel of the medical Affairs department of NATO and by way of the body structure courses workplace of the U.S. place of work of Naval examine (Contract N00014-76-C-0722). those sponsorships, and the necessary counsel of Dr. Donald P. Woodward and Dr. John A. Nagay, are gratefully stated. Following the editor's creation, the papers seem within the order they got at St. Vincent. normally they're grouped in response to the most topical topics of the symposium: keynote advert costume, motor vehicle operation, tracking and inspection, physiological correlates, pressure results, person alterations, and theoretical issues. i have to indicate, although, that exact papers usually overlapped a number of of those topical parts and therefore no defini tive partitioning of the complaints has been tried. I desire to recognize the numerous contributions of my colleague, Dr. James O'Hanlon, to either the making plans of the symposium and the guidance of the manuscript, and the precious function of my spouse, Shirley Jean, in making the symposium one of these friendly one for all. additionally, I desire to realize the numerous contributions of Lynda Lee Chilton and Katherine Peimann whose functionality in compos ing, typing, and proofing the manuscript is unquestionably a tribute to human vigilance, and patience as well.
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Extra resources for Vigilance: Theory, Operational Performance, and Physiological Correlates
Example text
In all, I believe that what follows represents significant advances on every front--practical, theoretical, and methodological--which are perhaps remarkable considering the relatively short time that has elapsed since the first vigilance symposium just 15 years ago. VIGILANCE: BIOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY, lliEORY, AND PRACTICE (KEYNOTE ADDRESS) Harry J. Jerison Department of Psychiatry University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles, California, USA INTRODUCTION My themes are that vigilance research has been research on sustained attention, that sustained attention is probably fundamentally different from selective attention with respect to both its psychology and biology, and that our scientific goal is to clarify the nature of sustained attention.
The theoretical models have focused on somewhat different aspects of the problem, yet many of them can account for similar data. Further, it is difficult to establish a definitive test of one theoretical model against another and they all invite criticism on several grounds. It seems likely that the theorizing in this area will have to develop a synthesis of these different points of view. Warm also notes that the degree to which vigilance has properties in common with other subcategories of attention, such as selection, concentration, search, and set, remains to be determined.
In any event, there must be an aspect of habituation involved in the event-rate effect that has been one of the main research problems to which I have contributed (Jerison, 1967a). There are many more physiological correlates of vigilance to consider. I discussed the question of the CNV and my failure to find it in a vigilance task unless warning signals were introduced. But there are other event-related potentials in the brain that are relevant for vigilance research. The many components of the evoked potential have been related in one way or another to vigilance phenomena.